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Responsible Mining Audits and Environmental Social Governance (ESG) in Zimbabwe: Current Practices, Challenges, and Recommendations

Abstract

Zimbabwe’s mining sector is a critical component of its economy, contributing 60% of the export earnings and 16% of the national Gross Domestic Product (GDP). However, this industry faces challenges related to environmental damage, social inequity, and governance deficiencies. Responsible Mining Audits and Environmental Social Governance (ESG) frameworks present opportunities to ensure that mining entities adhere to sustainable practices, minimize environmental damage, whilst promoting responsible resource management. This study looks at Zimbabwe’s audit culture, evaluates national policies and legal frameworks, and explores private sector initiatives. Preliminary outcomes from audits highlight progress and persistent challenges. The study therefore concludes with recommendations to position Zimbabwe’s mining sector to meet global sustainability standards.